
1. ¼ÒºñÀÚ ¹°°¡Áö¼ö, Consumer Price Index (CPI)
l ¹ßǥó: Bureau of Labor statistics, U.S. Department of Labor (³ëµ¿ºÎ»êÇÏ Åë°èû)
l ¹ßÇ¥ÀÏ: ¸Å¿ù 13ÀÏ °æ ¿ÀÀü8:30 µ¿ºÎ½Ã°¢±âÁØ (Àü¿ùÄ¡ ¹ßÇ¥)
l ÀÎÅͳÝÁÖ¼Ò: http://stats.bls.gov/news.release/cpi.toc.htm.
ÀÏ¹Ý ¼ÒºñÀÚµéÀÌ ¼ÒºñÇÏ´Â ´ëÇ¥ÀûÀÎ ÀçÈ¿Í ¼ºñ½º¸¦ ¹Àº Á¶ÇÕ(basket)¿¡ ´ëÇØ¼ ¼ÒºñÀÚ °¡°ÝÀÇ º¯È¸¦ ÃøÁ¤ÇϰíÀÚ ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. CPI´Â ½Ä·áǰ, ÀǺ¹, °ÅÁÖ°ø°£, ¿¬·á, ±³Åë, ÀÇ·á¿Í »ç¶÷µéÀÌ »ì±â À§ÇØ ¸ÅÀÏ ±¸¸ÅÇÏ´Â ¸ðµç °ÍÀ» ¸ñ·ÏÀ¸·Î ¸¸µé¾î °¡°ÝÀ» »êÃâÇÑ´Ù. ¸ñ·ÏÀº 7°¡Áö·Î ¼¼ºÐµÇ¸ç(ÁÖ°Å, ½Äǰ, ¿î¼Û, ÀÇ·á, ÀÇ·ù, ¿À¶ô, ±âŸ) »ó´ëÀû Á߿伺¿¡ µû¶ó¼ °¡ÁßÄ¡¸¦ Àû¿ëÇÑ´Ù. »ý»êÀÚ¹°°¡Áö¼ö(PPI)¿¡¼Ã³·³ ½ÃÀåÀº ÀÎÇ÷¹ÀÌ¼Ç ¾Ð·ÂÀ» Á¤È®ÇÏ°Ô ÆÇ´ÜÇϱâ À§ÇØ ½Äǰ°ú ¿¬·áºñ¸¦ Á¦¿ÜÇÑ ¼öÄ¡(ÇÙ½É CPI)¿¡ ÁßÁ¡À» µÐ´Ù. À½½Ä°ú ¿¡³ÊÁö °¡°ÝÀº °æÁ¦¿Í °ü·Ã¾ø´Â Á¶°Çµé(³¯¾¾, ¿øÀ¯°ø±Þ, ÀüÀï µî)·Î ÀÎÇØ º¯µ¿ÇÒ ¼ö Àֱ⠶§¹®¿¡ ¼ÒºñÀÚ ¹°°¡ÀÇ º¯µ¿¿¡ ¿µÇâÀ» ¹ÌÄ¡´Â ¿ä¼ÒµéÀ» Á¦¿ÜÇÑ´Ù.
The Consumer Price Index is a measure of the price level of a fixed market basket of goods and services purchased by consumers. CPI is the most widely cited inflation indicator, and it is used to calculate cost of living adjustments for government programs and it is the basis of COLAs for many private labor agreements as well. It has been criticized for overstating inflation, because it does not adjust for substitution effects and because the fixed basket does not reflect price changes in new technology goods which are often declining in price. Despite these criticisms, it remains the benchmark inflation index.
CPI can be greatly influenced in any given month by a movement in volatile food and energy prices. Therefore, it is important to look at CPI excluding food and energy, commonly called the "core rate" of inflation. Within the core rate, some of the more volatile and closely watched components are apparel, tobacco, airfares, and new cars. In addition to tracking the month/month changes in core CPI, the year/year change in core CPI is seen by most economists as the best measure of the underlying inflation rate.
2. ÇÙ½É ¼ÒºñÀÚ ¹°°¡Áö¼ö, À½½Äǰ/¿¡³ÊÁö Á¦¿Ü CPI (Ex. – food/energy)
¼ÒºñÀÚ ¹°°¡Áö¼öÃøÁ¤¿¡ ÀÖ¾î¼ ½Äǰ°ú ¿¡³ÊÁö Áö¼ö´Â °¡°Ýº¯µ¿ÀÌ ½ÉÇϰí ÀÎÇ÷¹À̼ÇÀ» ¿¹ÃøÇϴµ¥ ¾î·Á¿òÀÌ Àֱ⠶§¹®¿¡ ³ëµ¿ºÎ´Â ½Äǰ°ú ¿¡³ÊÁö¸¦ Á¦¿ÜÇÑ ¼ÒºñÀÚ ¹°°¡Áö¼ö¸¦ µû·Î ¹ßÇ¥Çϰí ÀÖ´Ù.
CPI can be greatly influenced in any given month by a movement in volatile food and energy prices. Therefore, it is important to look at CPI excluding food and energy, commonly called the "core rate" of inflation. Within the core rate, some of the more volatile and closely watched components are apparel, tobacco, airfares, and new cars. In addition to tracking the month/month changes in core CPI, the year/year change in core CPI is seen by most economists as the best measure of the underlying inflation rate.
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